What is Cerenia for Cats?

Cerenia is an antiemetic medication that can help cats with vomiting. The generic name of this medication is Maropitant Citrate.

As a cat owner, you've undoubtedly witnessed those distressing moments when your feline friend exhibits signs of nausea or vomiting. These episodes can be concerning, leaving you feeling helpless as your beloved pet struggles with discomfort. 

Cerenia, an FDA-approved and prescription only medication, is here to address those worries and possibly, put an end to your cat's gastric issues. Whether combating motion sickness, acute vomiting episodes, or chronic conditions, Cerenia offers tailored relief thus ensuring your cat's comfort and well-being.
 

Understanding Cerenia

Cerenia, an antiemetic medication, contains maropitant citrate as its active ingredient. It works by interrupting signals from the chemoreceptor trigger zone and vagus nerve, which typically initiates the vomiting reflex. Cerenia helps control acute vomiting episodes and treat motion sickness in cats by inhibiting these pathways.

Forms of Cerenia Available for Cats

When considering Cerenia treatment for your feline companion, you'll find this medication comes in two primary forms. They include:

1. Cerenia tablets

Cerenia tablets offer a convenient oral administration option for your cat. You can easily administer these tablets at home, making them ideal for managing chronic conditions or preparing for anticipated triggers like car travel. Some cats may resist taking pills, so your vet might suggest techniques to ease administration.

2. Injectable Cerenia

For acute cases or situations where oral administration proves challenging, injectable Cerenia offers a valuable alternative. Injectable Cerenia provides a rapid onset of action, making it particularly useful for severe vomiting episodes or pre-treatment before potentially nauseating procedures. Your veterinarian will administer this form of the medication subcutaneously or intravenously in a clinical setting.

The injectable form of Cerenia allows for precise dosing and ensures complete absorption of the medication. Injectable Cerenia can also be used as an initial treatment, followed by oral tablets for continued management at home. This flexibility allows for tailored treatment plans based on your cat's specific needs and response to the prescription medication.

Primary Uses of Cerenia in cats

As a pet owner, understanding the primary uses of Cerenia can help you recognize when this medication might be beneficial for your feline companion. Let's explore the key situations where your veterinarian might recommend Cerenia as part of your cat's treatment plan.

1. Treat acute vomiting

Cerenia excels in managing acute vomiting episodes in cats, regardless of the underlying cause. Your veterinarian may prescribe this medication to treat vomiting resulting from gastrointestinal irritation, infections, or ingested toxins. Cerenia's ability to target the vomiting center in the brain makes it effective against various triggers.

When treating acute vomiting, your vet will consider factors such as your cat's overall health, the severity of symptoms, and potential underlying conditions. Cerenia may be used as a standalone treatment or in conjunction with other therapies to address the root cause of vomiting. Its rapid onset of action provides quick relief, often allowing your cat to retain fluids and medications necessary for recovery.

2. Prevent vomiting

Cerenia's preventive capabilities make it an invaluable tool in managing cats prone to vomiting. Your veterinarian may recommend Cerenia to prevent vomiting in various situations, such as before:

• Car trips

• Veterinary visits

• Surgeries

• Chemotherapy sessions

• Diagnostic imaging that requires contrast agents.

When using Cerenia for vomiting prevention, timing is crucial. Your veterinarian will provide specific instructions on when to administer the prescription medication for optimal effectiveness. Typically, you'll give Cerenia at least two hours before the anticipated trigger or event. This allows the medication to reach therapeutic levels in your cat's system, providing maximum protection against vomiting.
 

How Cerenia Works in Cats

Cerenia's primary mechanism of action involves targeting the vomiting center in your cat's central nervous system. As a selective neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonist, Cerenia blocks substance P, a key neurotransmitter involved in the vomiting reflex. Your cat's brain relies on substance P to initiate the complex process of vomiting.

The vomiting center, located in the medulla oblongata of your cat's brain, coordinates the various muscles and organs involved in the act of vomiting. Cerenia's ability to target this specific area makes it highly effective in controlling vomiting from various causes. Cerenia addresses the root of the problem at the neurological level. This central action allows Cerenia to provide comprehensive protection against vomiting, regardless of the initial trigger.

1. Blocking the Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone

Cerenia also acts on the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) in your cat's brain. The CTZ, located in the area postrema, detects toxins and other substances in the bloodstream that may induce vomiting. By blocking NK-1 receptors in the CTZ, Cerenia prevents this area from sending signals to the vomiting center, further reducing the likelihood of your cat experiencing nausea and vomiting.

2. Impact on the Vagus Nerve

Cerenia's influence extends to the vagus nerve, a key component of your cat's nervous system that connects the brain to various organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. The vagus nerve plays a significant role in transmitting signals related to nausea and vomiting from the gut to the brain.

The vagus nerve's involvement in the vomiting reflex is complex, involving both afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) signals. Cerenia's action on this nerve pathway helps interrupt the feedback loop between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain which can perpetuate feelings of nausea and the urge to vomit. This vagal modulation is particularly beneficial in cases where gastrointestinal irritation or distension triggers vomiting in your cat.

3. Cerenia's Effect on the Gastrointestinal Tract

While Cerenia's primary mechanism of action is centrally mediated, it also has beneficial effects on your cat's gastrointestinal tract. The presence of NK-1 receptors in the gut means that Cerenia can help reduce inflammation and hypermotility in the gastrointestinal system.

Cerenia's impact on the gastrointestinal tract can help alleviate symptoms such as abdominal discomfort and excessive gut motility that often accompany nausea and vomiting. This multifaceted approach to treat vomiting and its associated symptoms contributes to Cerenia's effectiveness in a wide range of clinical scenarios.

4. Preventing Vomiting Caused by:

Kidney Disease

Cats with kidney disease often experience nausea and vomiting due to the accumulation of uremic toxins. Cerenia's ability to control nausea can help stimulate appetite, encouraging your cat to eat and maintain better overall health. The prescription medication's safety profile makes it suitable for long-term use in many cats with chronic kidney issues.

Liver Disease

Liver disease in cats can often lead to nausea and vomiting, which can exacerbate the condition and make treatment challenging. Cerenia's antiemetic properties make it valuable in managing these symptoms in cats with hepatic dysfunction.

When using Cerenia in cats with liver disease, your vet will carefully consider the medication's metabolism and potential interactions with other treatments. The dosage may be adjusted to account for altered liver function. Regular monitoring of your cat's liver values and response to Cerenia will help guide ongoing treatment.

Ingested Toxins

In cases where your cat has ingested toxins, Cerenia can play a supportive role in managing the resulting nausea and vomiting. While the primary focus will be on addressing the specific toxin and its effects, Cerenia can help control persistent vomiting that may occur during treatment. Your veterinarian may recommend Cerenia to prevent excessive fluid loss and maintain your cat's comfort during the detoxification process.

It's important to note that Cerenia should not be used to induce vomiting in cases of toxin ingestion. Instead, it helps manage ongoing symptoms after appropriate decontamination procedures have been performed. Always consult your veterinarian immediately if you suspect your cat has ingested a toxic substance.
 

Dosage and Administration of Cerenia for Cats

When administering Cerenia to your feline companion, precise dosing and proper administration techniques are crucial for optimal effectiveness. Your veterinarian will provide specific instructions tailored to your cat's needs, but understanding the general guidelines can help you ensure the best possible care for your pet.

Recommended Dosage

The standard recommended dosage of Cerenia for cats is 1 mg per kilogram of body weight.

The recommended Cerenia dosage of 1mg per kg has been established through extensive clinical trials and research to provide effective antiemetic action with minimal risk of side effects. Your veterinarian will calculate the exact dose based on your cat's current weight, ensuring accurate and safe administration.

Injectable Cerenia is typically administered at the same 1 mg/kg dosage, but the volume will be calculated based on the concentration of the injectable solution. Always follow your veterinarian's specific dosing instructions, as they may adjust the dosage based on your cat's individual health status and the condition being treated.
 

  

Administration Methods

Ensuring the proper administration of Cerenia is crucial for its effectiveness in treating your cat's nausea and vomiting. Administration methods include:

1. Oral Administration Methods

Cats Cerenia tablets offer a convenient option for at-home administration. You should give the prescribed dose once daily, with or without food, as directed by your veterinarian. Some cats may resist taking pills, so your vet might suggest techniques to ease administration, such as using pill pockets or crushing the tablet and mixing it with a small amount of food.

When giving Cerenia tablets, ensure your cat consumes the entire dose. If your cat vomits within an hour of administration, consult your veterinarian about repeating the dose. For ongoing treatment or preventive use, such as before travel, follow your vet's instructions on timing and duration of administration.

2. Injectable Methods

Injectable Cerenia is typically administered by your veterinarian in a clinical setting. The standard method involves subcutaneous (SC) injection of 1 mg/kg of Cerenia Injectable solution (10 mg/mL). This route ensures rapid absorption and effective plasma concentration levels, making it ideal for acute cases or when oral administration is not feasible.

A recent study explored diluting Cerenia with lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) before SC administration. When diluted in 10 mL/kg of LRS, the absorption rate slows, potentially prolonging the drug's effects. However, this method also reduces the maximum plasma concentration by about 26%.

3. For Kittens and Senior Cats

Your veterinary professional may take extra precautions when prescribing Cerenia for very young kittens or senior cats. In kittens, their developing organ systems will act as a major factor when prescribing their Cerenia dosage.

Senior cats will require dosage adjustments based on their overall health status and any concurrent medications for issues such as gastrointestinal obstruction. With your vet's professional guidance, Cerenia can be beneficial in the kitten's development stages or in managing senior cat's overall health.

Monitoring and Follow-up

Regular monitoring is essential when your cat is on Cerenia, especially for long-term use. Your veterinarian will schedule follow-up appointments to assess your cat's response to the medication and check for any potential side effects. These check-ups may include physical examinations, blood tests, and discussions about your cat's symptoms and overall well-being.

Be prepared to provide detailed information about your cat's response to Cerenia and make note of any changes in vomiting frequency, appetite, energy levels, or behavior. This feedback helps your vet determine the medication's effectiveness and make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan.
  

Drug Interactions and Precautions

When administering Cerenia to your cat, you must be aware of potential interactions with other protein-bound drugs. Cerenia has a high affinity for plasma proteins, which can lead to competition with other medications for binding sites. Common protein-bound drugs that may interact with Cerenia include certain antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and some heart medications.

Handling Cerenia Safely

When administering Cerenia to your feline companion, it's crucial to be aware of potential risks to yourself as well. While the medication is designed for your cat's benefit, human handlers should exercise caution to avoid unexpected reactions.

Topical exposure, particularly when administering liquid Cerenia or if a tablet becomes crushed or dissolved. Even small amounts on your skin can potentially trigger localized allergic skin reactions in sensitive individuals. If accidental contact occurs, wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water immediately.

Remember, while focusing on your cat's well-being, don't neglect your safety. If you experience any unusual symptoms after handling Cerenia, such as persistent skin irritation or difficulty breathing, seek medical attention promptly.
 

Communicating with Your Vet

Open communication with your veterinarian is crucial when it comes to managing your cat's medications, including Cerenia. You must disclose all medications, supplements, and even herbal remedies your cat is taking, regardless of whether they are prescribed or over-the-counter. This comprehensive information allows your vet to make informed decisions about drug combinations and dosages, minimizing the risk of adverse interactions.

As a responsible pet owner, your goal is to ensure your feline companions lead comfortable, happy lives. FDA-approved Cerenia plays a crucial role in achieving this goal, offering peace of mind and tangible results. So, the next time your cat shows signs of nausea or vomiting, remember that with Cerenia, you can restore harmony to your cat's digestive world.

References:

1. Boukaache, Y., Ferret, M., Khoukh, V., Enache, A., Iwaszkiw, D., Bertin, S., & Bruno, F. (2022). Evaluation of the efficacy of transdermal administration of maropitant in managing vomiting in cats. Open Veterinary Journal, 12, 618 - 621. https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i5.4.

2. Hickman, M., Cox, S., Mahabir, S., Miskell, C., Lin, J., Bunger, A., & McCall, R. (2008). Safety, pharmacokinetics and use of the novel NK-1 receptor antagonist maropitant (Cerenia) for the prevention of emesis and motion sickness in cats.. Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics, 31 3, 220-9 . https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2885.2008.00952.x.

3. Hotel, B. H., & Tams, T. R. (2016). UPDATES IN CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY OF DOGS AND CATS.

4. Quimby, J. M., Brock, W. T., Moses, K., Bolotin, D., & Patricelli, K. (2015). Chronic use of maropitant for the management of vomiting and inappetence in cats with chronic kidney disease: a blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of feline medicine and surgery, 17(8), 692-697.

5. Yee, D., Ochigbo, G., Menard, J., & Rosa, B. (2023). Dilution of maropitant (Cerenia) in lactated Ringer solution prolongs subcutaneous drug absorption and reduces maximum plasma concentration.. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 1-6 . https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.22.09.0409.

6. De Santis, F., Boari, A., Dondi, F., & Crisi, P. E. (2022). Drug-dosing adjustment in dogs and cats with chronic kidney disease. Animals, 12(3), 262.

7. Medicine, C. for V. (2023). FDA Approves First Generic Maropitant Citrate Tablets for Use in Dogs to Prevent Vomiting. FDA. https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/cvm-updates/fda-approves-first-generic-maropitant-citrate-tablets-use-dogs-prevent-vomiting