Seizures and strokes are somewhat similar but there is a clear difference in how they affect the brain. Seizures, also called convulsions or fits, occur when there is a surge of electricity in the cat's brain, causing shaking, tremors, twitching, convulsions, or spasms. Epilepsy is a tendency to have repeated seizures, and it can be difficult to manage seizures in cats.
Strokes occur when blood flow to the brain is interrupted, causing sudden loss of balance, head tilting, vision trouble, falling, and circling.
The effects of a seizure in cats are usually temporary while strokes can cause permanent damage to thinking and muscle control, however, both are serious and require prompt medical attention.
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Why Do Cats Have Strokes?
Strokes in cats result from disrupted blood flow to the brain which can be caused in two different ways.
- Sudden loss of blood supply to the brain – Ischemic stroke.
- Bleeding within the brain – Hemorrhagic stroke.
Ischemic stroke occurs when a blood clot blocks the arteries supplying blood to the brain. This type of stroke is linked to kidney disease, heart disease, diabetes, or high blood pressure (hypertension).
Hemorrhagic stroke occurs when burst blood vessels leak blood into the brain and is usually associated with chronic, untreated high blood pressure.
Why Do Cats Have Seizures?
The brain contains networks of neurons that communicate through electrical signals. Seizures occur when these neurons fire uncontrollably.
There are two main types of seizures:
- Generalized onset seizures – electrical activity starts on both sides of the brain.
- Focal onset seizures – electrical activity starts on one side of the brain.
Seizures are a symptom of an underlying issue, such as brain trauma, tumors, parasites, liver disease, or kidney disease.
Tips for Identifying Strokes vs. Seizures in Cats
Common signs of a stroke:
- Sudden loss of coordination or balance
- Weakness
- Head tilting, turning, or pressing
- Abnormal eye movements
- Paralysis on one side
- Loss of vision
- Disorientation/confusion
- Seizures
Cat seizures can be more difficult to recognize because they may be brief and subtle. They occur in stages (prodrome, aura, ictal, post-ictal).
Common signs of seizures:
- Uncontrollable jerking, spasms, or convulsions
- Loss of consciousness
- Drooling
- Unusual vocalization
- Loss of urinary or bowel control
- Limb rigidity
- Paddling of the limbs
Conclusion
It can be confusing to differentiate seizures from strokes in cats because they appear similar, but they affect your pet’s health in different ways. If your cat is not acting like their usual self and you suspect a stroke or seizure, contact your veterinarian immediately.
Strokes can cause permanent damage and require emergency treatment. Seizures may be temporary but always have an underlying cause that must be addressed.
Frequently Asked Questions About Stroke vs Seizure in Cats
How can I tell if my cat had a stroke or a seizure?
Strokes often cause lingering symptoms such as head tilt, vision loss, or difficulty walking. Seizures usually involve shaking, twitching, or loss of consciousness and resolve within minutes.
Are strokes or seizures more dangerous for cats?
Both are serious, but strokes can cause permanent brain damage. Seizures are typically brief but may indicate an underlying condition that needs treatment.
Can a seizure look like a stroke in cats?
Yes. After a seizure, cats may appear disoriented, unsteady, or temporarily blind, which can resemble stroke symptoms.
What should I do if I think my cat is having a stroke or seizure?
Keep your cat safe and contact your veterinarian immediately. Strokes are emergencies, and seizures require prompt evaluation.
Can strokes and seizures in cats be treated?
Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Seizures may be managed with medication, while stroke treatment focuses on stabilizing the cat and addressing related conditions like hypertension.
