Pyoderma is a bacterial infection of the skin. Pyo- refers to pus, a white or yellow discharge composed of proteins and dead cells. The condition ranges from mild to severe and can also affect hair follicles. Usually, pyoderma is caused by moisture or allergies is not contagious to people or other animals.
Just like your dog's gut contains beneficial bacteria, your dog's skin has a microbiome full of friendly bacteria. However, pyoderma can occur when pathogenic microbes invade and take over. Other conditions like fungal infections and allergies can weaken the skin barrier, making it easier for pyoderma to develop.
Let's learn more.
Causes & Symptoms of Pyoderma in Dogs
Pyoderma happens when a dog’s skin becomes irritated, damaged, or weakened, allowing bacteria to cause an infection. Common causes include:
- Excess moisture (from matted fur or skin folds)
- Allergies (food or environmental)
- Weak immune system
- Parasites (fleas, mites)
- Hormonal imbalances (like hypothyroidism)
- Genetic skin conditions
Dogs with wrinkles, thick coats, or allergies are at higher risk, especially in areas with poor airflow like the armpits and groin.
The signs of pyoderma vary based on type, cause, and severity, with your veterinarian assessing these factors along with your dog's history for a diagnosis. Surface pyoderma may present as itchy, red, moist skin with a musty odor, while superficial pyoderma can cause hair loss, redness, welts, and flaky or scaly skin. In more severe cases, deep pyoderma may lead to pain, swelling, pus, bleeding sores, crusty scabs, and a foul smell.
Types of Pyoderma in Dogs
There are three main types of canine pyoderma, ranging from mild to severe:
- Surface Pyoderma – Affects only the outermost skin layer. Includes skin fold infections, puppy pyoderma, and hot spots.
- Superficial Pyoderma – The most common type. It infects hair follicles, leading to redness, hair loss, and scaly skin.
- Deep Pyoderma – A serious infection that affects deeper layers, sometimes leading to open sores, swelling, and pain. If untreated, bacteria can enter the bloodstream and cause more severe illness.
How is Pyoderma Treated in Dogs?
Treatment depends on the cause and severity. Some common approaches include:
- Bathing & Grooming – Keeping your dog clean and dry, especially if they have long or curly fur
- Medicated Shampoos – Helps kill bacteria and reduce irritation
- Antibiotics – Typically prescribed for 3-4 weeks (severe cases may take longer)
- Allergy or Hormone Treatment – If an underlying issue is triggering infections
It’s important to complete the full course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve, to prevent the infection from coming back.
Conclusion
Pyoderma in dogs is a bacterial skin infection that can cause itching, redness, and sores. Keeping your dog well-groomed, especially if they have wrinkles or thick fur, can help prevent it. If your dog develops pyoderma, work closely with your vet to ensure proper treatment.
Even if symptoms improve quickly, always complete the full course of antibiotics or medicated baths to prevent recurrence and keep your pup healthy.
