It is important for pet owners and dog caregivers to understand how seizures affect dogs, and how to respond during such episodes.
This discussion on focal seizures in dogs will equip you with a deep understanding of what focal seizures entail, shedding light on the experiences of our furry friends during these episodes, and offering expert guidance on the appropriate actions to take should you ever find yourself in this situation.
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What are Focal Seizures in Dogs?
Focal seizures, also called partial seizures, happen when there’s abnormal electrical activity in one part of your dog’s brain. Unlike seizures that affect the whole brain, focal seizures only impact a small area, like a localized storm within the brain.
These seizures can cause strange movements or behaviors in your dog, which might be worrying to see. For example, a "fly-biting" or "fly-catching" seizure occurs when your dog seems to be snapping at the air, as though trying to catch invisible flies. While doing this, your dog is still aware of their surroundings, but they can't control their movements.
Focal seizures can sometimes turn into more severe, full-body seizures. The change from focal to generalized seizures can be subtle, so it's a good idea to note how long the episode lasts. This can help your vet understand the situation better and decide on the best treatment.
What Do You Do When Your Dog is Having a Focal Seizure?
First things first, take a deep breath, stay calm, and do not panic. It can be scary to watch this but remember to remain calm.
Ensure the safety of your dog by gently guiding them away from any hazards. You can alternatively remove any harmful item that is in their vicinity. Avoid putting your hands near their mouth, as they might unknowingly bite you. Keep track of how long it takes, if it lasts longer than a couple of minutes, it's time to call the vet.
After the seizure subsides, give your dog some space to recover. They might be disoriented and a bit out of sorts. Once they're back to their senses, give them lots of reassurance and love.
Frequently Asked Questions
The following answers were generated by the Lolahemp team and reviewed by Dr. Lianne McLeod.
Do Focal Seizures Evolve into Generalized Seizures?
Focal seizures don't always progress into generalized seizures, but it's essential to monitor your dog closely. Seizure activity can evolve over time due to various factors. While some dogs may continue to experience focal seizures, others might eventually exhibit generalized seizures. Regular observation and communication with your veterinarian can aid in tracking any changes and adjusting the management plan accordingly.
What Is the Cause of Focal Seizures in Dogs?
Seizures in dogs can stem from a range of causes, including infectious diseases, brain tumors, epilepsy, and more. Identifying the underlying cause is crucial for developing an effective treatment strategy.
Dog seizures can also be triggered by factors such as low blood sugar, liver disease, or reactions to certain medications. Your veterinarian will conduct thorough diagnostics to determine the specific cause in your dog's case.
Are Seizures Painful for Dogs?
Seizures themselves may not cause pain, as dogs typically lose consciousness during the event. However, the side effects and aftermath of seizures can be distressing. Dogs experiencing seizures might urinate or defecate, and they can also injure themselves during the episode. Owners should provide a safe environment and comfort their pets once the seizure ends.
How Are Focal Seizures Treated?
Focal seizures in dogs require targeted treatment approaches. The treatment plan will depend on the underlying cause and the severity of the seizures. If an underlying cause, such as an infectious disease or brain anomaly, is identified, addressing that cause becomes a priority. Anti-seizure medications may also be prescribed to control seizure activity. The effectiveness of the treatment will be monitored through regular vet visits and adjustments may be made as needed.
What's the Prognosis for Focal Seizures?
The prognosis for dogs with focal seizures varies based on factors such as the underlying cause, the dog's response to treatment, and overall health. With proper medical care and adherence to the prescribed treatment plan, many dogs can experience a significant reduction in seizure frequency and severity. However, it's important to note that some cases of focal seizures may be more challenging to manage, especially if the underlying cause is complex. Regular communication with your veterinarian is crucial to monitor progress and ensure the best possible outcome for your furry friend.
Conclusion
Taking care of our pets requires being in the know when it comes to health matters. The best thing we can do for them is to stay informed so that we can handle emergency situations better. If your furry friend ever experiences a focal seizure, you now know what to do – stay cool, ensure their safety, and provide the love and support they need to bounce back. Our dogs give us endless joy, and it's our duty to return the favor in their times of need.
References
- Berendt, M., Gredal, H., & Alving, J. (2004). Characteristics and phenomenology of epileptic partial seizures in dogs: similarities with human seizure semiology. Epilepsy Research, 61(1-3), 167-173. Read the full article
- Licht, B. G., Licht, M. H., Harper, K. M., Lin, S., Curtin, J. J., Hyson, L. L., & Willard, K. (2002). Clinical presentations of naturally occurring canine seizures: similarities to human seizures. Epilepsy & Behavior, 3(5), 460-470. Read the full article
- Packer, R. M., Lucas, R., & Volk, H. A. (2017). Owner perception of focal seizures in canine epilepsy. Veterinary Record, 180(6). Read the full article
