Pembroke Welsh Corgi

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a herding breed originally developed in Wales to move cattle and work the fields. Their short legs, long backs, and high energy levels helped them zip beneath hooves and nip at livestock to keep the herd moving.

Despite their small stature and lovable appearance, Pembroke Corgis are far from low-maintenance. They are a working breed at heart—with big personalities, a need for structure, and a surprising vulnerability to hip and joint issues. This guide covers the Corgi’s history, temperament, common health concerns, and what it takes to be a good match for this charming breed.

Let’s jump in.

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The History of Corgis

Originating in Pembrokeshire, Wales, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi was bred to herd cattle and sheep in tough, rural conditions. Their compact, agile build allowed them to dart between animals and avoid kicks while guiding herds with surprising force and confidence.

Amazingly, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi is considered an ancient breed, dating back to at least the 10th century in England. Small, Corgi-like dogs are noted in writings from 920 A.D., and the introduction of flemish spitz-type dogs a few hundred years later is likely what led to the first true Pembroke Welsh Corgis. 

While often mistaken for the similar Cardigan Welsh Corgi, Pembrokes have shorter tails and a somewhat lighter build. Over time, they became household favorites—not just in Wales, but internationally—thanks in part to their popularity with British royalty.

Today, they remain one of the most beloved small breeds in the world—valued for their intelligence, friendliness, and signature low-to-the-ground build.

Corgis in Modern Homes

Modern Corgis are more likely to herd toddlers than livestock, but their herding instincts are still strong. They thrive in homes where they have a job to do, whether it’s learning tricks, playing scent games, or engaging in structured walks.

They’re also known for being vocal, alert, and full of personality—traits that make them both endearing and sometimes challenging. Behind the cuteness is a breed that needs stimulation, training, and attention to truly thrive.

Corgi Temperament & Personality

Pembroke Corgis are intelligent, energetic, and loyal. They love being involved in household activities and are often described as “big dogs in small bodies.” They tend to form strong bonds with their families and are usually great with children and other pets when well-socialized.

Corgis are also natural watchdogs—alert and vocal with strong opinions. They require early training and structure, especially to curb nipping behavior that stems from their herding background.

They’re adaptable to apartment or house living, but they need regular mental and physical activity to avoid becoming bored or destructive.

Common Health Issues in Corgis

Though small, Corgis face some serious orthopedic risks. According to OFA data, approximately 20% of Pembroke Welsh Corgis have hip dysplasia—a surprisingly high rate for a small breed [source].

Their long-back, short-leg build puts added stress on both the hip joints and spine. As a result, Corgis are prone to:

• Hip dysplasia and degenerative joint disease
• Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) – a spinal condition that can cause rear-leg weakness or even paralysis
• Arthritis in the hips and knees, especially as they age

Early signs may include stiffness, reluctance to jump, or dragging the rear legs slightly. Owners may mistake these signs for aging, but they often signal more serious underlying joint or disc issues.

To help protect your Corgi’s joints and spine:

• Keep them at a healthy weight—extra pounds put enormous strain on their joints
• Use ramps or stairs to prevent jumping on and off furniture
• Encourage gentle exercise—daily walks are great, but avoid long runs or rough terrain
• Start early with joint-supportive supplements like glucosamine, MSM, and CBD for support

Is a Corgi Right for You?

Corgis are playful, loyal, and packed with personality—but they’re not low-effort pets. They need daily stimulation, boundaries, and early preventive health care to thrive. Their orthopedic vulnerabilities, especially in the hips and spine, require attention from a young age.

If you’re looking for a small dog with big energy and don’t mind the shedding, barking, or joint care routine, the Corgi might be a perfect match. They’re devoted, intelligent, and endlessly entertaining when given the support they need.