The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever, often called a "Toller," is the smallest of the retriever breeds—but don’t let the size of these sporting dogs fool you. These fiery little athletes were bred for a very specific and remarkable job: luring ducks within gunshot range by playing along the shoreline.
Can you imagine a more complicated job for a dog to do? It's an interesting job, and they do it well.
With their striking red coats, white markings, and endless energy, Tollers are as beautiful as they are intelligent. While they’re still a rare breed, their loyal personalities and versatile working ability have earned them a growing fan base around the world. Let’s take a closer look at this dynamic breed.
The History of the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever
This breed originated in Nova Scotia, Canada, during the early 19th century. Hunters in the region observed how foxes would play along the water’s edge, capturing the attention of curious ducks and luring them closer. Inspired by this behavior, they set out to breed a dog that could replicate this technique.
The result was the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever. Bred from a mix of retrievers, spaniels, setters, and even some working collies, the Toller was developed to bounce, dart, and play along the shore to attract the attention of waterfowl—only to retrieve them once shot. Their name comes from the word "tolling," which means luring game toward hunters.
Official recognition of the breed came in the 20th century, and they are now considered a national treasure in Canada. The AKC recognized the breed in 2003, giving this compact retriever a global stage to shine on.
Personality & Temperament of the Toller
Tollers are intelligent, curious, and full of drive. They often have a sense of humor and love to engage with their people, whether it's through play, work, or training. They are deeply loyal and tend to form strong bonds with their families, sometimes being reserved or shy around strangers.
Because of their working roots, Tollers thrive when they have a job to do. They can be high-energy and may become frustrated or destructive without enough physical and mental stimulation. But in the right home, their enthusiasm becomes one of their greatest strengths—they’ll hike, fetch, swim, and learn new tricks with gusto.
They’re also highly vocal and known for their unique "Toller scream"—a high-pitched yelp they may let out when excited. While this is endearing to fans of the breed, it’s something new owners should be aware of!
Training and Exercise Needs
Tollers require regular physical activity and thrive on mental stimulation. Without it, they can easily grow bored or anxious. Activities like fetch, swimming, scent work, agility, and advanced obedience are excellent ways to keep them engaged.
They are highly trainable but may test boundaries if not given clear, consistent expectations. Positive reinforcement is key with this sensitive breed. Harsh training can lead to shutdowns or reluctance to engage. Early socialization is also important to help them grow into well-rounded adults.
Health Concerns for Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers
Overall, Tollers are a healthy breed, but like all dogs, they’re prone to certain inherited conditions. Hip dysplasia is one concern, especially as a medium-sized athletic dog. Joint support supplements and weight control can help reduce the risk of joint issues over time.
Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) and addison's disease are also seen in the breed. Responsible breeders screen for these conditions, and any prospective Toller owner should ensure that health clearances are provided by the breeder. Regular checkups and early detection are critical to long-term health.
CBD oil and hip & joint supplements can support aging Tollers and those recovering from injury or inflammation.
Is the Toller the Right Dog for You?
The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is a wonderful dog for active individuals or families who are eager to engage with their pet. They’re not couch potatoes—they need movement, play, and enrichment—but they repay that effort with loyalty, fun, and partnership.
If you’re looking for a medium-sized dog with intelligence, athleticism, and a spark of mischief, the Toller might be the perfect fit. Just make sure you’re prepared to meet their needs and enjoy the energetic, intelligent companion that comes with them.
